I-servo (servomechanism) iyisisetshenziswa sikagesi esiguqula ugesi ube ukunyakaza okulawulwayo okunembile ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuphendula ezingezinhle.
Ama-Servo angasetshenziswa ukwenza ukunyakaza okuqondile noma okuyindilinga, kuye ngohlobo lwazo. Ukwakheka kwe-servo ejwayelekile kufaka phakathi injini ye-DC, isitimela segiya, i-potentiometer, isekethe ehlanganisiwe (IC) kanye ne-shaft ephumayo. Indawo ye-servo oyifunayo okokufaka futhi ingena njengesignali enekhodi ku-IC. I-IC iqondisa injini ukuthi ihambe, ishayela amandla emoto ngamagiya asetha isivinini nendawo oyifunayo yokunyakaza kuze kube yilapho isignali evela ku-potentiometer inikeza impendulo yokuthi indawo yesifiso ifinyelelwe futhi i-IC imisa injini.
I-potentiometer yenza ukunyakaza okulawulwayo kwenzeke ngokudlulisela indawo yamanje kuyilapho ivumela ukulungiswa okuvela emandleni angaphandle asebenza ezindaweni zokulawula: Uma indawo engaphezulu isinyakaziswa i-potentiometer inikeza isignali yendawo kanye ne-IC ikhombisa ukunyakaza kwemoto okudingekayo kuze kube yilapho kutholwa indawo efanele.
Inhlanganisela yama-servos namamotho kagesi anamagiya amaningi ingahlelwa ndawonye ukuze yenze imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zezinhlelo ezihlanganisa amarobhothi, izimoto, ukukhiqiza kanye nezinzwa ezingenazintambo kanye nenethiwekhi ye-actuator.
Isebenza kanjani i-servo?
Ama-Servo anezintambo ezintathu ezinwebeka ukusuka ku-casing (Bona isithombe kwesokunxele).
Ngayinye yalezi zintambo inenhloso ethile. Lezi zintambo ezintathu ezokulawula, amandla, kanye nomhlabathi.
Intambo yokulawula inesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngama-pulses kagesi. I-motor iphendukela endleleni efanele njengoba iyalwa ama-pulses.
Lapho i-motor ijikeleza, ishintsha ukumelana kwe-potentiometer futhi ekugcineni ivumele isifunda sokulawula ukuthi silawule inani lokunyakaza nokuqondisa. Lapho i-shaft isendaweni oyifunayo, amandla okunikezela ayavala.
Intambo yamandla ihlinzeka i-servo ngamandla adingekayo ukuze isebenze, futhi intambo yaphansi ihlinzeka ngendlela yokuxhuma ehlukile kumanje oyinhloko. Lokhu kukugcina ungathuki kodwa akudingekile ukuze usebenzise i-servo.
I-Digital RC Servos Ichaziwe
I-Digital ServoA Digital RC Servo inendlela ehlukile yokuthumela amasignali e-pulse motor ye-servo.
Uma i-analog servo iklanyelwe ukuthumela i-pulse voltage engaguquki engu-50 ngomzuzwana, i-RC servo yedijithali iyakwazi ukuthumela ama-pulse angu-300 ngomzuzwana!
Ngalesi sibonakaliso se-pulse esheshayo, isivinini se-motor sizokhula kakhulu, futhi i-torque izoba njalo; kunciphisa inani le-deadband.
Ngenxa yalokho, lapho i-servo yedijithali isetshenziswa, inikeza impendulo esheshayo nokusheshisa ngokushesha ingxenye ye-RC.
Futhi, nge-deadband embalwa, i-torque iphinde inikeze amandla okubamba angcono. Uma usebenzisa i-servo yedijithali, ungathola umuzwa osheshayo wokulawula.
Ake ngikunikeze isimo sesimo. Ake sithi kufanele uxhumanise i-servo yedijithali ne-analog kumamukeli.
Uma ucisha isondo le-analog servo phakathi nendawo, uzobona ukuthi liyaphendula futhi liyamelana ngemuva kwesikhashana - ukubambezeleka kuyabonakala.
Kodwa-ke, uma ususa isondo le-servo yedijithali phakathi nendawo, uzozwa sengathi isondo ne-shaft iyaphendula futhi ibambelele endaweni oyibeka ngokushesha nangokushelela.
I-Analog RC Servos Ichaziwe
I-analog RC servo motor iwuhlobo olujwayelekile lwe-servo.
Ilawula isivinini semoto ngokumane ithumele futhi ivale ama-pulses.
Ngokuvamile, i-pulse voltage isebangeni eliphakathi kuka-4.8 kuya ku-6.0 volts futhi ayishintshi ngenkathi ikulokho. I-analog ithola ama-pulses angu-50 ngomzuzwana ngamunye futhi lapho iphumule, akukho voltage ethunyelwa kuyo.
Uma i-pulse ethi "On" ithunyelwa isikhathi eside ku-servo, i-motor spins ngokushesha futhi iphakama i-torque ekhiqizwayo. Enye yezingqinamba ezinkulu ze-analog servo ukubambezeleka kwayo ekuphenduleni imiyalo emincane.
Ayitholi injini ukuphotha ngokushesha ngokwanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphinde ikhiqize i-torque evilaphayo. Lesi simo sibizwa nge-"deadband".
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-01-2022